Instructional Design and Multimedia Design

Instructional design and Multimedia design are different in terms of approach as well as the content in the design phase and development of learning-teaching materials.

In instructional design there are factors that we need to consider in producing an effective instruction or curriculum but not limited to:

• knowing the background of your learner
• type and availability of material,
• how, why and when they should be used, and to
• integrate these in the new learning environment to meet the learning outcomes so that the learner will be able to perform the task.

My recollection on EDS112 course reminds me on the different types of instructional models like ADDIE, Dick and Carey Model, Kemp, Morrison, and Ross’s Instructional Design Process Model, Merrill’s Principles of Instruction, Gagne’s Nine Events of Instruction, Michael Allen’s Successive Approximation Model (SAM), Dave Meier’s Rapid Instructional Design (RID), van Merriënboer’s 4C/ID Model. Its major role is to consolidate the learning and multimedia materials for the contentment of instructional models.

Conferring to Multimedia design this creates a detailed instruction through the integration of text and images, animation or narrations and videos. Thus, its role is to provide learning materials like in a form of animation videos, print out of learning materials, audio and video tapes.

My role as an aspiring Instructional designer or perhaps an educator whatever it may lead me is to analyze and understand the learner needs and goals, create and develop new learnings, engage and be part in the development, assessment and evaluation of instructional design in this fast-paced changing world.

References:

Maranan, D. (2017). Front-End Analysis and Instructional Design in the Multimedia Development Cycle. Retrieved from: https://myportal.upou.edu.ph/mod/resource/view.php?id=163088

Siemens, G. (2002). Instructional design in elearning. Retrieved January, 21, 2013. http://www.elearnspace.org/Articles/InstructionalDesign.htm

citation: Unsplash

This topic on multimedia made me think how I will make these tools useful in my workplace and in future reference, if given the chance to work with a certain program and project. Being a trainer in our company, I would like to give emphasize on Mayer’s segmenting principle that for me to be able to get the attention of my trainees, the lessons should be presented in segmentation system rather than continuous one.

From my end, having worked in different domains, I could contribute by bringing along a broader set of experience and knowledge on the use of multimedia as well as a strong management skill set of diversified user groups, domain experts and stakeholders.

An experienced trainer, I would need these resources’ in-depth knowledge of the industry domain as well as the organization processes to manage the presentation effectively. Vice versa, this type of presentation may not be able to produce quality multimedia learning effectively without learning the whole concept. This is what Mayer’s objective. Knowing the importance of multimedia in the society, I am more confident now on leading teams in my department/job due to what I have acquired in this course.

References:

Instructional Design http://instructionaldesign.io/toolkit/mayer/

Mayer, R. (2009). Chapter 14. Principles of Multimedia. In Multimedia Learning (pp. 265-280). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press

Multimedia instructional message according to Mayer is a communication with the use of words and picture that are intended to promote learning. Imagine a trainer talking in front for hours using a heavy text presentation and you won’t be surprise that some will be doing something else or you can see their blank faces.

I’ve learned on this module the 5 steps in a cognitive theory. The goal of the teacher is to make sure a learner will be able to remember the important information that he needs with the use of annotated and narrated illustrations.

 1. Selecting relevant words for processing in verbal working memory.
2. Selecting relevant images for processing in visual working memory.
3. Organizing selected words into a verbal model.
4. Organizing selected images into a pictorial model.
5. Integrating the verbal and pictorial representation with each other and with prior knowledge. 

Therefore, as a future educator a well-designed instructional multimedia material involves paying attention on the animation, focuses on the verbal and pictorial material. You will be able to see the result through change in knowledge, good transfer performance and high retention of information.

Let me share the simple instructional material on the proper way of Donning and Doffing of Personal Protective gear on our laboratory.

Words Instruction

Donning Procedure:

1.Wear Chemical apron

2. Wear Safety goggles and adjust according to comfort.

3. Do a visual check on the gloves and trap air to check for leaks

4. Wear acid gloves

Doffing Procedure:

1. Remove contaminated acid gloves
2. Throw contaminated gloves on acid bin
3. Replace Safety goggles with safety glass
4. Remove chemical apron and dispose once contaminated

Narrated illustration

Photo taken from Reference Spec Number: G-Q-GEN-01003 Specification Title : TI Clark Work Instruction Management Procedure

Module 2 has helped me understand more on the process of multimedia materials, multimedia learning and multimedia instruction. According to Mayer’s material, the promise of multimedia learning is through combining words, pictures that can help people learn more deeply about multimedia messages rather than relying on the traditional approach wherein this approach can also enhance the interaction of both teachers and students.

The three assumption of human learning under Cognitive theory are: the dual-channel assumption, limited capacity assumption, and the active learning assumption. Dual-channel assumption, an individual has a separate information processing system on visual and verbal representations. While limited capacity assumption is the limited amount of information processing/time on each of the channels. In active-learning assumption, this is the active engagement in terms of cognitive load which includes attention , organizing and integrating the information.

Cognitive Process are Selecting words and Pictures, organizing words and pictures and integrating with prior knowledge into long term memory  to form lasting learning.

 The four guiding principles of multimedia design as per (Mayer, 2003) are follows:

1. The multimedia effect with text-and-illustration and narration-and-animation.

2. The coherence effect of text-and illustration and narration-and-animation.

3. The contiguity effect with text-and-illustration and text-and-animation.

4. The personalization effect with animation-and-narration and animation-and-text.    

These guiding principles are effective as multimedia-based learning experiences not just for young but adult learners. The integration and presentation of text, messages, image, audio narration helps in building mental representation and promotes learning. Thus will greatly impact learner’s information processing

References:

Mayer, R. E. (2003). The promise of multimedia learning: using the same instructional design methods across different media. Learning and instruction, 13(2), 125-139.

Image: https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.buffalo.edu%2Fubcei%2Fenhance%2Flearning%2Fmultimedia-learning.html&psig=AOvVaw0ZwG1_WUXRLYZPdHlTVN0r&ust=1601471026617000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAIQjRxqFwoTCJDx-Oi2juwCFQAAAAAdAAAAABAK

Multimedia materials such as Text, Images, video, audio, and simulations . Taking advantage on the vast array of multimedia resources can be very helpful to learners however they too have limitations. Text in the form of book/e-book is durable attention but too much text can sometimes be less interactive due to attention span of a learner. Second is Video, suitable for learners with high visual-spatial intelligence. This however it requires higher storage because its file size. Third is Images can be appealing to learners but can be misinterpreted at times. Audio are easy to use and create, but doesn’t provide visual components. Lastly, Simulations- are interactive since learner will have a first-hand experience but also requires software based programs. To sum up, for an effective and engaging learning there must be a balance on all of the modalities.

Acquiring knowledge and building academic learning as much as the teaching and learning strategies are the core of every future educator. I believe students have different learning styles and they must go further at a more advance level to find the best answer they are looking for. I will make sure that students will be able to understand me more, not just by giving those books but letting them explore the different types of multimedia technologies. I will make sure to give an environment where they can also actively engage through enriching their educational experience. It is the foremost duty of any future educator to recognized students differences. I tend to believe that constructivist approaches to teaching is essential for the students to achieve the high level of expectations towards their academic achievements.

Reference:

Nunes, C., & Gaible, E. (2002). DEVELOPMENT OF MULTIMEDIA MATERIALS. Retrieved September 20, 2020.

Image: https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fethereal.ng%2F&psig=AOvVaw18HCIm2tCcGe4aYjBNWJwh&ust=1600997670180000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CA0QjhxqFwoTCJixvb_TgOwCFQAAAAAdAAAAABAf

The rise of technology!

While we are facing difficulties, our educational scheme made a huge improvement, from the traditional practices up to modern types of learning. Multimedia plays a major role in our lives now as we are adopting the new normal. Parents, teachers and students are actively participating in the teaching and learning method to provide both teachers and students an opportunity to seek new ideas, promote e-learning technology and boost the level of self-motivation.

On this note, I believe the course is very timely to prepare us for different media platforms and flexible multimedia materials. I am definitely sure that all modules will produced a higher level of online-educated students which can potentially result in an economic boom. It something extremely important for the country also that seek to increase our opportunities for flexibility, cost-effectiveness, and economic development.

Stay safe everyone!

Paz